918WARP Archives - A STEP TOWARDS PEACE

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture #2

Emil Constantinescu Biography

World War 2 (1939-1945)
: The most devastating war in human history

A child became a refugee by the terrible war.

Poor living conditions were hard to bear for the refugee boy, yet he felt desperate for peace. The boy lived in a town located in [dniester] River of the Soviet Border until the age of 50 under dictatorship. He saw and felt the fall of communism himself, and he became aware of the power of culture. He was in the process of settling the democratic conscious.

In 1996, the boy grew up to become the 3rd President of Romania. Emil Constantinescu became the President in order to achieve peace.

First, he devoted his efforts to bring reconciliation and harmony within the Balkan Peninsula suffering from conflicts of nation, religion and race. He was in the forefront of liberty and democracy of Romania. He has conducted Peace Education to spread peace.
(In fact, he has done more work. More info 1, info 2)

+) He was the dean of Bucharest University. He spent 6 years of my life in [Bucharest] University and [other] University throughout the world.

Now, he is the chairperson of Institute for Cultural Diplomacy (ICD) which is the largest NGO in Europe. Also, he is a member of HWPL Advisory Council.

“HWPL is an international peace nonprofit organization registered with the United Nations Department of Public Information (DPI) and the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). It is surprising to the world with its enormous execution and actions no one has heard or seen.”

As of 2018, he is in the forefront to establish a culture of peace, calling for the cessation of war. Now, it is time to begin a new history of peace.

“The history of humanity was the history of war.
Now we need to make history of peace.”
– Emil Constantinescu, former president of Romania

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture

On September 18, the two leaders of inter-Korea met in Pyongyang. To support the peaceful unification of the Korean Peninsula, H.E. Ivo Josipović, Former President of Croatia, and Hon. Emil Constantinescu, Former President of Romania, both of whom experienced times under Communist rule and the transition to democracy, gave presentations on September 16th and September 20th respectively. They gave specific advice through their real experience.

Below is posting #1.. I’m going to take a closer look.

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture

Implementation of Communism in Eastern Europe

Emil Constantinescu said his experience under dictatorship. “The establishment of communism in Eastern Europe has led to elimination of constructive competition, removal of free expression and emergence of an immoral form claiming to be a society where ideology replaces feelings.”

“A dictatorship that would only recognize state and collective ownership canceled all forms of rights, free expression and [personal life] of every citizen by political police surveillance.”

The mean of implementation of communism in Eastern Europe is the violence. He told us so vividly. “The result of implementation of communism in Eastern Europe by violent mean, and bloody repression of anti-communist resistance.”

He continued “The removal of actual potential ordinance was achieved through torture and re-education centers, extermination prisons, forced labor camps, political assassinations, summary executions, mass importations.

Millions of death, tens of millions of human life destroyed.

When oppression, censorship, terror seem to ensure a small future for communism, the resulting hardship turned into true pathology of freedom thus building solid characters able to tear apart the status quo.”

First democratic presidents
in Eastern Europe

He continued “After the peaceful, peaceful change of the totalitarian regime in Eastern Europe, the first democratic presidents freely elected by the people were representative of the intellectual elite.

Coming from academic [unintelligible] was very strange for the political history of the world. And remember, the famous first democratic president of [unintelligible].

The first president of Hungary was the president of a writers union. The first president of democratic Bulgaria was a philosopher who graduated from Sofia university.

The first democratic president of Luthania, Vytautas Landsbergis, was the president of the Academy of Music.

The first democratic president of Estonia was also the president of the Academy of Music, and the second president of Estonia was the director and president of the University of Agriculture and was of special family, because this member of academic [unintelligible], of intellectual elite was not interested in corruption, their interests or their family; they worked for their country and for their people, and for changing Europe, changing the world.”

Struggle Lesson of Sufferings

At cost of thousands lives, they can earn struggle lessons. Emil said “The citizens of the formal communist countries have been deprived of all their rights including their right to live for half a century. They are suffering and struggle lesson is for each of us a first step towards understanding the greater lesson of freedom and respecting each other’s freedom.

The amiliation of the democratic conscious needs more time of democratic lows or institutions.”

He gave a very moving anecdote. (I was the most impressed with this part) “In December 1989, in my country, Romania, young people would demonstrated against the communist dictatorship in the university square in Bucharest.

“Did no ask for bread or for higher wages. They voiced free elections, freedom of the press, freedom we love you, we die for you,
and we will die and we be free.”
– Emil Constantinescu, former president of Romania

My son, my daughter, my students was at that time in university square in Bucharest. At midnight, the repression troops went in with tanks against the unarmored demonstration who did not threaten any governmental institution but offered flowers to the militaries.

Dozen of people were killed and thousands were arrested and tortured. Those arrested would have be killed too, as is happened five days prior in other university town, Timisoara, in Romania. It not half a million of Bucharest citizens would surround the next day’s tanks, and the symbol of communist regime, the incredible lack of fear, and the solidarity of people for the dictator to free, and freedom was gained.

And in one of history’s bright moments, people were willing to die for the ideas, ideas of freedom and democracy.”

Finally, I am very grateful to Emil Constantinescu for letting me hear and think about many things. Now, I must be a person who does one thing. Will you join us?

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture

Emil Constantinescu Biography

A child became a refugee by the terrible war.

In 1996, the boy grew up to become the 3rd President of Romania. Emil Constantinescu became the President in order to achieve peace.

As of 2018, he is in the forefront to establish a culture of peace, calling for the cessation of war.

“The history of humanity was the history of war.
Now we need to make history of peace.”
– Emil Constantinescu, former president of Romania

Now, it is time to begin a new history of peace.

Lecture Concert for Peaceful Unification
on the Korean Peninsula

A STEP TOWARDS PEACE Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture UN Charter Right to Peace Peace Quotes ISACCL HWPL Emil Constantinescu biography Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Quotes Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture Emil Constantinescu 2018 DPCW Chairman Man Hee Lee biography 918WARP 2018 HWPL World Peace Summit — HWPL PHOTO

In fact, the world is paying attention to peace on the Korean peninsula. You can also feel the hottest ambience by reading the post below.

73rd UNGA paid attention to Peace on the Korean Peninsula

Former President Hon. Emil Constantinescu prepared his speech under the theme of “the memory of the suffering and the pedagogy of freedom”, beginning his address with the memories of life under tyranny.

He stated, “I lived there until the age of 50 under dictatorship. In a country where people don’t have the freedom of movement, you could not leave the country, and you are forced to work and live in a particular place allocated by government- governmental distribution.

The second world war, which affected most Romanian and Korea, called the death of more than 25 million soldiers and more. Over 73 million civilians caused huge economic losses and destruction of the world cultural heritage.

The atrocities of the two wars in the first half of the 21st century proved to be insufficient for leaders to understand that peace cannot be strengthened only by managing frozen conflicts,” explaining the darkest times of Romania.

He then continued by reminding all in attendance of the power of the people who fought for freedom stating, “The incredible lack of fear and the solidarity of people forced the dictator to flee and freedom was gained. In one of history’s bright moments, people were willing to sacrifice themselves for the ideals of freedom and democracy. The answer regarding the future of freedom and democracy is the choice of each generation and, in the end, of each of us.”

He concluded the lecture by proclaiming, “In order to achieve the peaceful reunification of the Korean Peninsula, leaders, politicians and even the youth must have the consciousness to achieve peace.”

Transition from the communist dictatorship to democracy

But he said “Dozen [sic] of people were killed and thousands were arrested and tortured.” I can’t imagine the pain that other countries suffered. He emphasized “This was the events, the experience, of our transition from the communist dictatorship to democracy which I have tried to present to you sincerely as I have liked directly.” He was well qualified to take Korean students.

He continued “But unfortunately, 100 years after the great union of Romanian lentz in the single state, we are disunited, differences by different groups or individual political of social interest.

We need to rediscover what unites us, our common goal. We need to redefine ourselves in the globalized world by what we are and not what we have.

Only this way, we can preserve our national identity and dignity respecting all other nations in the globalized world.

Thank you for your attention.”

MOU between ISACCL and HWPL

At the final event, an MOU promising further cooperation for peace in the Korean Peninsula and the world was signed between The Institute for Advanced Studies in Levant Culture and Civilization (ISACCL), represented by its current president Hon. Emil Constantinescu, and HWPL, the international peace NGO.

HWPL’s Chairman Man Hee Lee then delivered his congratulatory message to the audience stating, “In the Korean War, 4 million citizens were killed. Should we continue to point our guns and kill each other more? We must put down our weapons. The two leaders should hold hands in peace without having to feel the need to be noticed by any country in the world. We must achieve the peaceful reunification for the people of our country.”

Reference: http://hwpl.kr/en/news/view/180924344/0/SpecialLectureforthePeacefulUnificationoftheKoreanPeninsulaDeliveredbyFormerPresidentsofEasternEuropeanNations

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Quotes

Hon. Emil Constantinescu, Former President of Romania

“The event which is taking place today at this stadium is mainly addressed to the youth, who do not want to be forced by their countries’ leaders to fight against each other, and the women who would like to protect, not only themselves, despite being innocent victims, but to protect also their husbands, children and brothers from the horrors that any war inevitably brings about. Youth and women can become the most persuasive advisories of peace in the present and in the future.

Both avoiding war and establishing peacebuilding processes require a laborious effort to create a culture of solidarity outlining a pragmatic style in which the statements should followed by effective actions. The fact that so many distinguished representatives of the world’s public opinion, religious leaders, politicians, diplomats and cultural personalities, are today gathered represents such an efficient action.

Differently from 4 years ago we now have more people, are more united, and are more determined to stop the wars wherever they are. I believe that the Declaration of World Peace (More info) proclaimed in Seoul can get everyone around the world, no matter if they are men, women, youth or children, ready to unite under the mantle of peace and take the responsibility to promote the message of peace to the entire world. We are one.“

Full speech: http://hwpl.kr/en/news/view/181101348/0/WhatPresidentsSayaboutSustainablePeaceI

2018 HWPL World Peace Summit

Collaboration for Peace Development:
Building a Peace Community through the DPCW

A STEP TOWARDS PEACE Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture UN Charter Right to Peace Peace Quotes ISACCL HWPL Emil Constantinescu biography Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Quotes Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture Emil Constantinescu 2018 DPCW Chairman Man Hee Lee biography 918WARP 2018 HWPL World Peace Summit At a time when the global world wanted peace, there was the closest place to peace. The 4th Annual Commemoration of the 2018 HWPL World Peace Summit was held in South Korea from the 17th to the 19th of September. This year, thousands of leaders and citizens from around the globe will gather for 3 days with the great determination of creating a peaceful world together. Under the theme of “Collaboration for Peace Development: Building a Peace Community through the DPCW”, the wind of peace is blowing all over the world. This 918 WARP Summit is the core of HWPL’s peace movement. The main agenda of the WARP Summit will be the introduction of the Declaration of Peace and Cessation of War (DPCW) to the United Nations (UN) as a binding resolution.

DPCW is aligned with UN Charter

So far, international law has not ended the war. Likewise, the Universal Declaration does not include a separate article on “Right to Peace”. This is why the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was held. So HWPL is creating a new order for the world. It is DPCW! It can be the Right to Peace. Currently, there is a worldwide campaign to introduce the DPCW to the United Nations. Now, they collected 734,055 signatures (as of October, 2017) and 173,170 people of 176 countries participated. Law experts agreed that the DPCW is fully aligned with the UN Charter & the UDHR and this Declaration not only encapsulates and supports all of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Like proof of this, delegations of Permanent Missions of the UN and HWPL gathered at the Office of the Commonwealth (New York) to discuss the promotion of sustainable peace and human rights, on Friday 7 September 2018. Also, they discussed intensively the way to promote the 918 WARP Summit. Because the walks of HWPL are alignment with the core purposes of the United Nations, the delegations have no choice but to support the DPCW.

Finally, the Last East Germany Prime Minister Lothar de Maizière, who achieved reunification, said (not this year) that “Reunification was the will of heaven. It happens like a miracle when human endeavor is met with internal and external conditions.”

If you want to know more…

[D-1] International Day of Peace: DPCW is Right to Peace

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

[D-1] HWPL Intercontinental WARP Office Meeting

PEACE FESTIVAL is already started

The 4th Annual Commemoration of the 2018 HWPL World Peace Summit was held in South Korea from the 17th to the 19th of September. This year, thousands of leaders and citizens from around the globe will gather for 3 days with the great determination of creating a peaceful world together. Under the theme of “Collaboration for Peace Development: Building a Peace Community through the DPCW”, the wind of peace is blowing all over the world. This 918 WARP Summit is the core of HWPL’s peace movement. The main agenda of the WARP Summit will be the introduction of the Declaration of Peace and Cessation of War (DPCW) to the United Nations (UN) as a binding resolution. Today, I will introduce the WARP Office.

HWPL‘s 3 Peace Initiatives

• Law for Peace
• Alliance of Religions
• Peace education

Alliance of Religions

Discussing the spirit of peace written in scriptures
to step forward onto the road of world peace

Religion is returning to its original role in restoring peace. The WARP Office was established to resolve conflicts and misunderstandings among religious groups. The Chairman Man hee Lee‘s clear religious guidelines lead religious people in the right direction today.

The Chairman Man hee Lee said, “If religions are in harmony with each other, there will be no reason to fight. To achieve harmony among religions, people of religion should examine and compare their scriptures to find the truth and become one in that truth. People of religion are responsible for leading people of the world in the right path.”

In the WARP Office, leaders from various religious groups gather to discuss religion and the Bible. It is being held in major cities around the world. The purpose of this comparative study of religious scriptures is to return religion to its original role and become one religion according to the creator’s will. The WARP Office promotes understanding and harmony among many religions in the world for the peace of mankind.

My posting : http://www.peacestep.com/2018/07/13/3-peace-initiative-warp-office-alliance-of-religions/

One religious leader emphasized, “We should support the WARP Office discussions, as the significant link and the great network for the worldwide religious institutions and spiritual leaders, to show the cooperation and solidarity of all religious leaders, and to send the message of tolerance, peace and unity to all people around the world.”

The Story of WARP Office

Seeing the current status of the religious war, HWPL thinks the solution of peace. ‘How can we make it?’ The answer they found is the Scriptures. Because it represent the accumulation of not only the spiritual and moral teachings of the respective faiths, but also a fundamental standard of human conduct.

Why Scripture? Although the common objective that all religion is the great things, these messages are often overlooked by people. Because religious people fight with each other first. They showed hostility and started a war. So peace is becoming an elusive concept. So HWPL approach towards the root cause of this hostility between faiths, defined as the misunderstandings that arise from the misinterpretation of these scriptures. Eminent religious experts recognized it as an ‘Innovative Approach’. The alliance of religions is the earnest hope of all humanity.

Spreading throughout the world

The World Alliance of Religions’ Peace (WARP) Office Meetings began from the World Alliance of Religions’ Peace (WARP) Summit in 2014 where representative leaders from 12 religions, along with 950 participants, signed the Unity of Religion Agreement. At that time, the WARP Office Meeting was established and it has been actively practiced worldwide since then. In the short three years from its official beginning, the WARP Offices have seen rapid expansion with 218 offices now operating in 126 countries. With approximately 2,500 representative religious leaders as participants, it enhanced the level of understanding of various religions.

Do you know what culture was created? Religious leaders want to seek true peace-building and harmony among religions based on correct understanding. And they dedicated themselves to thoroughly researching what a “trustworthy scripture” should contain.

91 percent of all religious leaders agreed that the following six attributes, 1) Good and Evil, 2) Birth, Aging, Sickness and Death, 3) The Spiritual Realm, 4) Cleansing of Sins, 5) History and Genealogy, and 6) Prophecy and Fulfillment

Religious Youth Peace Camp

The aim of the HWPL Religious Youth Peace Camp is to engage youth and youth organizations in dialogue and conflict transformation activities based on inter-religious and inter-cultural learning.

Camp participants learn about the general history of world religions, find the root cause of and plausible resolutions to religious conflicts and disputes, examine the religious community’s roles for peace, and experience cultural exchanges.

1&2 HWPL Intercontinental Online WARP Office

On 24 March 2018, the first Intercontinental Online WARP Office Meeting was held. The topic of this WARP Office meeting was “What is the root of evil and how can we eliminate evil? Where does it come from? How can we eliminate it according to your respective religion?” The religious leaders, who participated in meeting, were specially selected as outstanding leaders at worldwide. It made it easy for anyone to be able to see and participate in audience questions by broadcasting their discussion. It is also designed to promote WARP offices to religious societies and civil society, and to spread the culture of seeking truth.

“When the light of heaven shines in the hearts of people, it becomes the light that never fades away.” – the Chairman Man hee Lee

One Netherlander said, “It is amazing that people from different religions can meet and communicate with each other about peace. I think peace and harmony of religions can be achieved as we continue to do this work.”

2018 WARP Summit Program (Only Live)

HWPL Intercontinental WARP Office Meeting	17(Mon.) 10:00	Live 1
2018 Conference for the Implementation of the DPCW	17(Mon.) 15:30	Live 2
Peace Festival for the 2018 HWPL World Peace Summit	18(Tues.) 15:00	Live 3
The Role of the Youth in Spreading a Culture of Peace	19(Wed.) 12:30	Live 4

HWPL Intercontinental WARP Office Meeting

What Religious Texts Tell You “About God”

Multilingual Global Live Broadcast
2018. 9. 17. Mon. 10:00 am GMT +8
♦ http://www.warpsummit.org
(If you click the ‘Live’ button, you can choose the language ♥)

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

DPCW, an international law for Syria

Heartbeat, a song for Syria

‘Heartbeat, a song for Syria’ is sung by 10-year-old Ansam, a Syrian girl who was born blind. The song was written and composed by Zaid Dirani, Unicef Goodwill Ambassador, and world-famous pianist. It has a message of hope that Syria’s children want to get back their childhood. It’s like the voices of children shouting around the world. Amazingly, the video was filmed in Syria. The following are the lyrics of Heartbeat: (abbreviation)

‘Amid destruction and fire, our wound is deep
We want to say it loud, but our voice is weak
We may be children, but our cry comes from the heart

We want to say it loud: everything is possible
Together we can hope
Our hearts beat back to life
We want our childhood back’

Statistics about the Syrian civil war

Unicef, 2016

At least 652 children were killed – a 20 per cent increase from 2015 – making 2016 the worst year for Syria’s children since the formal verification of child casualties began in 2014.
255 children were killed in or near a school.
More than 850 children were recruited to fight in the conflict, more than double the number recruited in 2015. Children are being used and recruited to fight directly on the frontlines and are increasingly taking part in combat roles, including in extreme cases as executioners, suicide bombers or prison guards.
There were at least 338 attacks against hospitals and medical personnel.

Reference : https://www.unicef.ie/2017/03/15/message-hope-unicef-releases-powerful-charity-song-syrian-children/

Number of children killed in Syria from 2011 to 2017

24,799 (207,000 civilian casualties)

Reference : https://www.statista.com/statistics/697188/child-deaths-in-syria-by-party-responsible/

How can DPCW settle Syrian civil war?

The Declaration of Peace and Cessation of War (DPCW) was drafted by the HWPL International Law Peace Committee, which is comprised of prominent international law experts from 15 different countries, and was proclaimed on 14 March, 2016 in the form of a Preamble, 10 articles and 38 clauses. It is a bottom-up approach for global peace through establishing an international peace law. The strength of the DPCW lies in its representation of the voice of all those yearning for peace, calling on States to protect their rights to enjoy peaceful lives. The Legislate Peace Campaign is operated all over the world to support the DPCW. Now, they collected 734,055 signatures (as of October, 2017) and 173,170 people of 176 countries participated. The HWPL & DPCW are regarded by experts as the most powerful and substantial peace movement than others. Foreign media around the world are also paying attention to HWPL.

DECLARATION OF PEACE AND
CESSATION OF WAR

A Definite answer to peace : 10 Articles and 38 Clauses

A STEP TOWARDS PEACE DPCW, an international law for Syria Zaid Dirani WARPSummit2018 United Nations Unicef UN Syrian girl Syrian civil war Syria's children Syria Statistics about the Syrian civil war Spreading a culture of peace Legislate Peace Campaign HWPL DPCW Ansam 918WARP 918 WARP Summit 4th Annual Commemoration of the World Alliance of Religions’ Peace (WARP) Summit

Conflict prevention: encourages states to cooperate in gradual disarmament, repurpose weapon-manufacturing facilities for the benefit of humanity and develop friendly relations through mutual respect of the sovereign equality and right to self-determination of all States.

– Article 1 Prohibition of the threat or use of force
– Article 2 War potential
– Article 3 Friendly relations and the prohibition of acts of aggression
– Article 4 State boundaries
– Article 5 Self-determination

Conflict mediation: focuses on conflict mediation through reaffirming the role of international supervision organizations in maintaining international peace and security.

– Article 6 Dispute settlement
– Article 7 Right to self-defense

Securing sustainable peace: includes targets for the means of implementation

– Article 8 Freedom of religion
– Article 9 Religion, ethnic identity and peace
– Article 10 Spreading a culture of peace

The full text of the Declaration is available at www.peacelaw.org.

Legislate Peace Campaign

Dear family members of the global community,

The history of our world is replete with the tragedies of war. When wars break out, ordinary citizens, especially the youth and young adults, are forced out to fight on the battlefields and mothers must send their children into danger. In most instances, neither the youth nor their mothers would willingly suffer such loss and sacrifice. We are all born into the same world; and we live on the same land, under the same sky. All of us have the right to live in a war-free world in peace. And this right should be protected by law.

It is for this reason that we, the world's youth, women, and messengers of peace, support the Legislate Peace Campaign, an advocacy movement in support of the Declaration of Peace and Cessation of War (DPCW) being developed into an enforceable law. When such a law is implemented and enforced in all countries, wars will have no place on Earth and a culture of peace will finally be able to spread to all corners of the globe. We call on world leaders and governments to acknowledge the principles set out in the DPCW and to incorporate them into their national laws.

We must take action to achieve the global enjoyment of peace. Please join us in supporting the Legislate Peace Campaign to guarantee peace for all.

Let us Legislate Peace. Sign Your Support.

Reference: http://hwpl.kr/en/project/legislatePeaceCampaign
http://hwpl.kr/en/initiative/lawForPeace

918 WARP Summit is coming soon

The 4th Annual Commemoration of the World Alliance of Religions’ Peace (WARP) Summit was held in South Korea from the 17th to the 19th of September. This 918 WARP Summit is the core of HWPL‘s peace movement. The main agenda of the WARP Summit will be the introduction of the Declaration of Peace and Cessation of War (DPCW) to the United Nations (UN) as a binding resolution. Do you want to protect Syria’s children? How can HWPL protect Syria’s children? Come in person!! You can feel what it is directly. Now, all over the world is wishing for the success of 918 WARP Summit. Search on Twitter ‘#918WARP’ Let’s go together!! Peace does not wait for us.

Official : http://warpsummit.org/
HWPL : http://www.hwpl.kr/

Save the Date for September 17-19

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

Emil Constantinescu Biography

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Lecture

Implementation of Communism in Eastern Europe

First democratic presidents in Eastern Europe

Struggle Lesson of Sufferings

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

Emil Constantinescu Biography

Lecture Concert for Peaceful Unification on the Korean Peninsula

Transition from the communist dictatorship to democracy

MOU between ISACCL and HWPL

Emil Constantinescu 2018 Peace Quotes

2018 HWPL World Peace Summit

DPCW is aligned with UN Charter

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

PEACE FESTIVAL is already started

Alliance of Religions

The Story of WARP Office

Spreading throughout the world

Religious Youth Peace Camp

1&2 HWPL Intercontinental Online WARP Office

HWPL Intercontinental WARP Office Meeting

Peace is up to you :0 Good luck!

Heartbeat, a song for Syria

Statistics about the Syrian civil war

How can DPCW settle Syrian civil war?

DECLARATION OF PEACE AND CESSATION OF WAR

Legislate Peace Campaign

918 WARP Summit is coming soon

First democratic presidents
in Eastern Europe

Lecture Concert for Peaceful Unification
on the Korean Peninsula

DECLARATION OF PEACE AND
CESSATION OF WAR